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Home > Resources
> Astrobiology
Research Methodologies On Contact With ETI
RESEARCH PLANS
Dr. John B. Alexander
Over the past few years I have had the opportunity to develop research plans
on various topics related to aerial phenomena. It was noted that very
few rigorous research protocols have been developed or executed in this
field. Studying phenomenology is inherently difficult. Most of the people
involved in the incidents are involuntarily recruited and attempt to study
or rationalize their experience.
From the research perspective, there are many novices in these fields.
Resources to attract top scientists are scarce. In general, the work that
has been done would not meet scientific standards.
Of course, there is a Catch-22 situation in attracting high-quality scientists.
Being associated with studies of phenomenology automatically makes one
suspect to their peers. Since good scientists shy away from this research,
little acceptable data and analysis is done to illuminate the nature of
the phenomena and increase our understanding of the fundamental principles
that allow it to manifest or function.
The files listed here will provide prospective scientists a starting
point from which they can design and implement their own studies. We believe
they are sufficiently comprehensive as to be worth reviewing.
- The
Range of ETI Contact Scenarios
- The
Day After Contact with ETI
- Alien Abduction
Study
The Range of ETI Contact Scenarios
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Assumptions:
- That the life forms discussed come from another place in the physical universe as we know it.
- That the life forms discussed are not derived from our consciousness.
- That the life forms discussed are not "time travelers" or coming from a
concurrent but unseen dimension.
Scenarios from least to most threatening:
- An indication of some prior life is found.
- A signal is detected that does not occur in nature.
- A signal is detected that is manufactured.
- A signal is detected and recognized as query.
- A signal is detected that is addressed to Earth.
- A signal is detected that is addressed to humans on Earth.
- A signal is received that is a response to emissions from Earth.
- A signal is received that indicates the senders are coming to Earth.
- A non-natural object is detected beyond the boundaries of our solar
system.
- A non-natural object is detected entering the solar system.
- A space exploration device from Earth sends back a report of a lower
life form.
- A space exploration device from Earth sends back a report of evidence
of prior life with demonstrated intellect from a planet or moon.
- A space exploration device from Earth sends back a report of an encounter
with a non-naturally occurring object.
- Earth-based sensors detect a non-natural object in proximity of the
Moon or closer.
- Earth-based sensors detect a non-natural object in close proximity
and observe it maneuvering under intelligent control.
- Earth-based sensors detect a non-natural object in close proximity
and observe it maneuvering under intelligent control in response to
our actions.
- Earth-based sensors detect a non-natural object in close proximity
and observe it maneuvering under intelligent control with an ability
to evade those sensors.
- Several credible individuals/groups observe and report seeing non-Earth-based
craft for a short duration.
- Several credible individuals/groups observe and report seeing non-Earth-based
craft for a long duration and various sensors confirm sightings.
- Official organizations report observing craft near Earth.
- Groups of credible people report seeing occupants of these craft on
Earth.
- Official organizations acknowledge occupants of craft on Earth.
- Groups of credible people report interacting with occupants of craft.
- Official organizations acknowledge interacting with occupants of craft.
- Official organizations acknowledge having interacted with occupants
of craft over long periods of time.
- The occupants of the craft demonstrate clear technical and intellectual
superiority.
- The occupants of the craft demonstrate clear technical and intellectual
superiority but intent is undeterminable.
- The occupants of the craft demonstrate clear technical and intellectual
superiority and offer to assist in human development.
- The occupants of the craft demonstrate clear technical and intellectual
superiority and indicate hostile intent.
- The occupants of the craft demonstrate clear technical and intellectual
superiority and indicate they created/seeded humans.
- The occupants of the craft demonstrate clear technical and intellectual
superiority and indicate that because they seeded us, they have inherent
rights over our destiny. (November, 1997)
The Day After Contact With ETI
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The following document was generated by a discussion about how dissemination
of information should be handled if incontrovertible evidence were presented
to the general public indicating "we are not alone." In other
words, the evidence could not be hidden; so how do we handle, "the
day after." This is an approach that can be initiated now to undertake
prudent prior planning for that eventuality.
In 1953, the CIA commissioned a panel of experts to examine the consequences
of the same question. As the study was headed by Dr. H. P. Robertson,
the name became The Robertson Panel (R1). While the name of this study
would eventually changed, the title Robertson II (R2), does convey a sense
of what it is about. Here is the initial thinking about how this task
can accomplished.
1. General
I envision a series of studies, complex in nature, which would probably
last over a period of years. The main study group (R2) would have continuing
oversight as subpanels evolve, perform their assigned functions, and disestablish.
This group would be populated by a multidisciplinary group of the most
senior, well-respected scientists that we can attract.
Considering the objective, it is imperative that the study be international
and cross-cultural in nature. The procedures suggested for assisting in
dissemination of information in a responsible manner will be extremely
complex, and controversial. It is my view, we are really talking about
the necessity for creating flexible world views in societies that are
at various stages of psycho-social development. Even in the United States,
a country that prides itself on openness of thought, the notion of assuming
a less-than-superior place in the universe will be difficult to assimilate.
2. The Panel
The R2 panel must be multidisciplinary. Unlike R1, this panel should
not be restricted to theoretical and physical scientists. Some of the
technical areas required will be political science (including government),
economics, religion, history, education, philosophy, military science,
psychology/psychiatry, sociology, as well as physical sciences. To be
effective, the size of the group probably should be about eight. That
means that members of the primary panel can represent not all of the desired
disciplines. As needed, these panelists will head subpanels, or provide
guidance on the establishment of subordinate technical studies.
3. Assumptions
There are a number of assumptions that should be considered. The primary
panel necessarily will develop the final list, once it is formed. The
assumptions must include a range of possible scenarios. Some of these
include:
- Warning time ( from substantial prior warning to no warning at all).
- Government support (from no support of the effort, even hindrance,
to open support of the study or implementation of actions).
- The type of contact/evidence (signals, physical appearance of craft/EBEs,
number of incidents (single vs. multiple), actions taken (benign, helpful,
hostile), credibility of reporting source (official & accepted vs.
unofficial).
- Physiology (are they similar, dissimilar, living, mechanical).
- Technology ( is it understandable, if advanced, how far).
- Physical security (ours-theirs).
4. Actions
- Establish a knowledgeable subpanel. Hold a sequestered two-day informal session They would:
- Establish study objectives
- Identify potential R2 participants
- Draft Terms of Reference
- Consider groups to be surveyed
- Recruit R2 panelists
- Identify R2 study director
- Select study methodology
- Begin drafting topics and questionnaires
- Hold organizational meeting with selected group members
- Agree on Terms of Reference
- Finalize study methodology
- Identify shortfalls in knowledge & expertise
- Prepare and disseminate read-ahead material for introductory session
- Conduct introductory meeting with all members
- Present background briefings
- Obtain agreement on methodology
- Determine data requirements
- Determine substudy requirements
- Outline final report structure
- Conduct study
- Collect data
- Examine the history of initial interactions between superior-subordinate
societies
- Obtain expert testimony
- Sponsor seminars with stake-holder organizations
- Hold closed discussion periods
- Analyze data
- Develop draft Plan of Actions
- Write report
- Publish report(s)
- Implement Plan of Actions
- Formalize information dissemination requirements
- Establish relationships with appropriate government agencies
- Provide information to U.S. Government agencies
- Be available to act as conduit for information dissemination
- Contact foreign governments and provide information
- Prepare for news media
- Train personnel to work with media
- Establish credentialed relationship
- Provide background material prior to any external event
- Establish a known network for press to obtain credible information
- Establish list of experts to handle emergency inquiries
- Establish relations with entertainment industry
- Establish credentialed relationship
- Suggest material for inclusion in scripts
- Provide technical support
- Establish outreach program
- Develop course outlines and bibliographies for schools
- Develop college-level curriculum
- Develop a "science package" for research institutions
- Develop and conduct a series of seminars targeted to selected
audiences
- Establish Internet site and become a source of credible information
- Prepare articles for publication in as many credible journals,
technical and popular, as possible.
- Using StarLogo, or other appropriate tool, attempt to model reactions in various
sectors of society
The complexity of this program is seen when we examine the "data requirements"
aspects of the study. It is envisioned that extensive studies and surveys
will be required to meet the needs of the primary study. It may even become
necessary to develop new psycho-social instruments in order to obtain
the data necessary to support that study.
(29 July 1996)
In recent years there have been extensive claims concerning people who believe
they have been abducted by "extraterrestrial aliens." Most reports are
anecdotal and few studies have any scientific merit. This document outlines
how an objective study might be conducted.
Objective: To conduct a comprehensive, authoritative study of
the "alien abduction" problem.
Background: What do we know at this time?
- There is strong evidence that some form of phenomena exists.
- Few of the researchers are competent.
- Most of the researchers are from areas outside of the field in which
they are reporting.
- Substantial numbers of people have reported "abduction experiences."
- Some of them have conscious recall of unique events.
- Some people appear to have become dysfunctional due to these events.
- The field has been contaminated to skeptics by the impression that
all recall is based on hypnotic regressions.
- False memories are a real phenomena and there is a body of research
we need to be aware of.
- Claims of child abuse based on recovered memories are coming under
increasing scrutiny and criticism.
- Some in abduction research have employed the same techniques for recovering
memories of these events.
- Much of the information provided by reported abductees is illogical
(that doesn't make it wrong).
- Some of the abductees make credible witnesses (often better than the
researchers).
- There are cases in which there appears to be corroborative evidence.
- The number of potential cases in popular literature appears to be
greatly exaggerated.
- There is a high probability some of the more spectacular cases are
in fact very sick people.
- Most of the reported abductees are not sick or pathological.
- Labeling people based on this phenomena is counter-productive, and
probably wrong.
- Some cases of out-and-out fraud are inevitable.
- Current researchers in abductions are extremely (overly) sensitive
to criticism.
- A need exists to resolve this issue, for medical reasons if no other.
Proposed Methodology:
- Establish a multidisciplinary oversight panel.
- Initiate panel members to the topic.
- Engage them in addressing how to research this issue (start with whether
or not it can/should be investigated).
- Recommend an independent study be conducted by scientists not currently
directly involved in the field.
- Ask oversight panel to assist in compiling a list of potential candidates.
- Identify a few cases in which corroborative physical evidence is readily
available.
- Identify a few cases in which we have multiple witnesses, especially
ones in which those witnesses do not know each other.
- Consider the semantic issues and determine whether or not existing
language is adequate for studying this problem (For instance, the word
"abduction" has an emotional loading that may hinder the study).
- Develop the implant diagnostic evidence (if it is hard, we may want
to introduce it. We must be careful not to generate confusion in areas
not directly related to the expertise of the study group).
- Conduct a survey of the skeptical positions.
- Identify responsible skeptics, meet with them, and have them
articulate their position.
- Ask those responsible skeptics what evidence it would take to convince
them of the reality of this phenomena (in writing if possible).
- Develop a study to run probably six months with 6-8 people.
- Panel should have a strong psychiatric component.
- Establish a supporting group with skills not central to the study
(forensic sciences, detectives, statisticians etc) to augment as necessary.
- Establish a schedule that includes formal meetings, field trips, independent
study, and reporting dates.
- Orchestrate an opening educational meeting to discuss issues, establish
protocols, formalize the study groups informational requirements.
- Open with a succinct, hard hitting, no BS approach. Presentations
from key researchers, ones who can go toe-to-toe with medical professionals.
- Identify one or two articulate abductees to present and answer questions.
They should, if possible, have complete medical records available.
- Have a strong skeptical presentation based on legitimate issues. (we
want the study group to be fully conversant with skeptical claims and
answer those questions during the course of the study).
- Address the issues relating to a possible link to child abuse head-on.
- Provide participants with a complete bibliography of abduction literature.
The entire listing should be available. The readings should be annotated
with our rating of the veracity of the information. Expose them to both
good and bad examples.
- Select a few good cases and allow the study group to go into these
in depth. This may include field trips to reported locations, direct
discussion with the abductees, and interaction with any medical professionals
who saw/treated them. Insure we get their previous medical history when
possible.
- Have at least one live-in seminar (2-3 days) in which the study
group is exposed to abductees in whom we have a high degree of confidence.
(Note: at the MIT conference I found the abductee panels to be far more
credible than most of the so-called experts. These people can carry
the day).
- Outline the report from the beginning. Ensure the panel sticks to
facts and focuses on the cases that can be thoroughly documented.
- Have complete analysis of alternative medical hypotheses.
- Attempt to document claims of dysfunctional behavior resulting directly
from abduction experiences.
- Do not allow extrapolation from small inputs to large populations.
- Conduct high-quality filming whenever possible throughout the study
(this is with an eye toward production of a TV program upon completion
of the study. Photography should strive to both be unobtrusive and yet
get good shots. This is not a camera running at the back of the room.).
- The study report must be written to quality standards with terminology
acceptable to peer-reviewed journals.
Follow-up:
- Prepare for wide distribution of the report.
- Direct that one or more articles be written and submitted to scientific/medical
journals.
- Do a press release.
- Have "popular" level articles written and disseminated.
- In popular articles, always refer to the scientific journals and studies.
- Prepare an hour-long (about 46 minutes actually) TV program designed
to be shown on the Discovery Channel, the Learning Channel, and overseas
markets.
- Develop formal presentations for technical audiences.
- Contact technical groups an offer to have presentations made at their
meetings. (November 1996)
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